Commercial

HST on Commercial Property: Why You May Pay Zero Cash at Closing — If You Do One Thing Right

A complete guide to HST on Ontario commercial property: commercial deals add 13% HST, but a buyer who is GST/HST registered and uses the property primarily (>50%) for commercial activity uses self-assessment — reporting and offsetting the tax on their return with no cash outlay at closing. Non-registrants remit directly to CRA via form GST60.

买商业物业的 HST：为什么你可能一分钱不用先掏，前提是做对一件事

安省商业物业 HST 完全指南：商业地产成交要另加 13% HST，但注册了 GST/HST 号、且主要（>50%）用于商业用途的买家，用「自评（self-assessment）」机制在申报表里自评自抵，成交时无需现金支付。非注册买家须用 GST60 表直接向 CRA 缴纳。买商业物业前必读。

Environmental Due Diligence: Phase I / Phase II ESA on Commercial Land

A complete guide to environmental due diligence for Ontario commercial/industrial property: the difference between a Phase I ESA (records review + site visit + interviews, no sampling) and Phase II ESA (soil/groundwater sampling), O.Reg 153/04 and the CSA Z768 standard, and when a Record of Site Condition is mandatory.

环境尽调 Phase I / Phase II ESA：买商业地怕的不是贵，是「看不见的污染」

安省商业/工业物业环境尽职调查完全指南：Phase I ESA（记录审查+现场踏勘+访谈，不取样）与 Phase II ESA（土壤/地下水取样化验）的区别、O.Reg 153/04 与 CSA Z768 标准、什么情况必须做、Record of Site Condition（RSC）何时强制。商业买家/开发商必读。

NOI (Net Operating Income): The Engine Behind Every Commercial Valuation

A complete guide to Net Operating Income (NOI) for Ontario commercial buyers: NOI = Effective Gross Income − Operating Expenses, what income counts, what expenses subtract, why debt service / depreciation / capex are excluded, and the 5 ways a seller pro forma inflates NOI.

NOI（净营业收入）：商业物业估值的发动机，哪些进、哪些不进

安省商业物业 NOI（Net Operating Income，净营业收入）计算完全指南：NOI = 有效毛收入 − 运营支出，哪些收入算、哪些支出减、为什么贷款利息/折旧/大修不进 NOI，以及卖家 pro forma 常见的 5 个「化妆」手法。商业买家必读。

Cap Rate: The First Yardstick in Commercial Property Valuation

A plain-English guide to capitalization rate (cap rate) for Ontario commercial buyers: cap rate = NOI ÷ price, how to calculate it, directional 2026 GTA ranges by asset type (industrial 5-6%, multi-family 4-5%, retail 5-6%, office wider), and why a LOWER cap rate means a MORE expensive building.

Cap Rate（资本化率）：商业物业估值的第一把尺，怎么算、怎么用

安省商业物业估值核心指标 Cap Rate（资本化率）完全指南：Cap Rate = NOI ÷ 成交价，怎么算、不同物业类型 2026 年大致区间（工业 5-6%、公寓楼 4-5%、零售 5-6%、写字楼跨度更大）、Cap Rate 越低为什么反而越贵。商业买家必读。